ISA Atmosphere Calculator

Calculate standard atmosphere properties at any altitude in the troposphere.

ISA Reference Values

PropertySea Level Value
Temperature15C / 59F
Pressure1013.25 hPa / 29.92 inHg
Density1.225 kg/m3
Lapse Rate-1.98C per 1000 ft
Tropopause36,089 ft / 11,000 m

ISA Formulas

Temperature: T = 15 - (1.98 x altitude/1000) C
Pressure: P = P0 x (T/T0)^5.256
Density: rho = P / (R x T)

Understanding the International Standard Atmosphere

What is ISA?

The International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) is a theoretical model of Earth's atmosphere defined by ICAO. It provides a baseline for comparing atmospheric conditions and calculating aircraft performance.

Troposphere vs Stratosphere

In the troposphere (sea level to 36,089 ft), temperature decreases with altitude at approximately 2C per 1000 ft. Above the tropopause in the stratosphere, temperature remains constant at -56.5C.

Practical Applications

  • Aircraft performance calculations
  • Flight level assignments
  • Engine performance charts
  • True airspeed calculations